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An energy dissipation-based model for damage stimulated bone adaptation

M E Levenston1, D R Carter

  • 1RR&D Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1200, USA. marc.levenston@me.gatech.edu

Journal of Biomechanics
|October 31, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a bone adaptation model using cyclic energy dissipation to measure bone damage. It explains why bone adapts differently to tension versus compression, unlike current theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Bone Physiology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Bone adaptation theories often overlook damage processes.
  • Experimental data suggests damage plays a role in bone's adaptive response.
  • Existing models do not differentiate adaptive responses to tensile and compressive loading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel model for bone adaptation based on cyclic energy dissipation as a measure of bone damage.
  • To derive a uniaxial formulation of this damage-based model for cortical bone under longitudinal stress.
  • To explain the experimentally observed differences in bone adaptation to tensile and compressive loading.

Main Methods:

  • Reanalyzing fatigue data from Pattin et al. (1996).
  • Developing a uniaxial damage-based formulation for bone adaptation.

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  • Comparing the model's predictions with existing strain energy-based theories.

    • Main Results:

    • The derived formulation naturally predicts different adaptive responses to tensile and compressive loading.
    • This is attributed to unequal damage formation under tension and compression.
    • The model distinguishes between tensile and compressive strain effects, unlike prior theories.

    Conclusions:

    • Cyclic energy dissipation provides a viable measure of bone damage for adaptation models.
    • Unequal damage generation under tension and compression explains differential adaptive responses.
    • This damage-based model offers a potential explanation for observed differences in peak bone surface strains.