Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II: report of three cases and review

We report on three further patients with microcephalic osteodysplastic dwarfism type II. All children have marked intrauterine and postnatal growth failure, microcephaly, and mental and statomotor retardation. They are disproportionately short statured due to short limbs. Characteristic skeletal abnormalities are small iliac wings with flat acetabular angles, coxa vara, V-shaped distal femoral metaphyses, and triangular distal femoral epiphyses, as well as pseudoepiphyses of metacarpals, short first metacarpals, and brachymesophalangy V. At age 3 years, bilateral epiphyseolysis of the femoral heads occurred in case 1. Including our patients, 17 cases have been published so far. We review the clinical picture and the cause.