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Common elbow injuries in sport

L D Field1, F H Savoie

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, USA.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|November 5, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Overhead sports can cause elbow injuries like lateral epicondylitis and medial epicondylitis. Nonoperative treatment is usually effective, with surgery reserved for persistent cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Sports Injury

Background:

  • Overhead sports participation is rising, leading to increased elbow injuries.
  • Lateral epicondylitis affects over 50% of athletes with overhead arm motions.
  • Medial epicondylitis is common in golfers and tennis players due to repetitive valgus stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common elbow injuries in athletes participating in overhead sports.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of lateral epicondylitis and medial epicondylitis.
  • To highlight less common causes of medial elbow pain and their management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on elbow injuries in overhead athletes.
  • Discussion of clinical presentation and diagnostic considerations for epicondylitis and ligament injuries.
  • Overview of nonoperative and operative treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Lateral epicondylitis results from overuse of wrist extensors, often treatable with conservative measures.
  • Medial epicondylitis stems from valgus stress, with surgery considered after failed nonoperative treatment.
  • Medial ulnar collateral ligament injuries and olecranon impingement are other causes of medial elbow pain, managed with rehabilitation or arthroscopic debridement.

Conclusions:

  • Most elbow injuries in overhead athletes, including lateral and medial epicondylitis, respond to nonoperative management.
  • Surgical intervention is reserved for refractory cases or specific injuries like significant ligamentous disruption.
  • Comprehensive evaluation and tailored rehabilitation are crucial for optimal outcomes in athletes with elbow pain.

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