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Related Experiment Videos

Pathogens isolated during treatment failures in otitis

P Gehanno1, L N'Guyen, M Derriennic

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|November 5, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a common cause of treatment failure in infant acute otitis media (AOM). This study highlights the prevalence of resistant S. pneumoniae in the Paris region, emphasizing the need for updated treatment guidelines.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection, frequently treated with oral antibiotics.
  • Therapeutic failures in AOM treatment are increasingly observed, necessitating investigation into causative pathogens and resistance patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical and bacteriologic epidemiology of AOM in infants experiencing treatment failure with oral antibiotics.
  • To identify risk factors associated with infections by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted in the Paris region involving 186 infants with AOM.
  • Middle ear fluid or otorrhea fluid samples were collected for bacterial culture.
  • Clinical data, including age, daycare attendance, and prior antibiotic use, were recorded.

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Main Results:

  • 170 bacterial isolates were identified from 141 samples; Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common (39.4%), followed by Haemophilus influenzae (35.9%).
  • 77.6% of S. pneumoniae isolates exhibited reduced susceptibility to penicillin (PRSP).
  • Daycare attendance, fever with otalgia, age under 2 years, and prior erythromycin-sulfisoxazole treatment were risk factors for PRSP infection.

Conclusions:

  • Penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae is a significant cause of treatment failure in AOM cases in the Paris region.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors for PRSP is crucial for optimizing AOM management.