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Related Experiment Videos

Risk indicators for harboring periodontal pathogens

M Umeda1, C Chen, I Bakker

  • 1Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.

Journal of Periodontology
|November 5, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study found that race/ethnicity, age, gender, smoking status, and duration of US residency influence the risk of harboring periodontal pathogens. Periodontal disease severity is linked to the presence of all six studied bacteria.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Periodontology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Periodontal diseases are common oral infections.
  • Specific bacterial pathogens are implicated in their etiology.
  • Understanding risk factors for pathogen colonization is crucial for prevention and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the risk of harboring six specific periodontal pathogens in different oral sites (pockets, saliva, oral cavity).
  • To investigate the association of demographic (race/ethnicity, age, gender) and lifestyle (smoking, dental visits, residency) factors with pathogen carriage.
  • To explore the relationship between periodontal disease severity and the presence of these pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 52 Caucasians, 49 African-Americans, 48 Asian-Americans, and 50 Hispanics in Los Angeles.

Related Experiment Videos

  • 16S rRNA PCR analysis to detect Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Treponema denticola.
  • Step-wise regression analysis to identify risk indicators associated with pathogen presence.

    • Main Results:

    • Periodontal probing depth and disease severity were positively associated with all six pathogens.
    • African-Americans had increased risk for P. gingivalis and decreased risk for T. denticola.
    • Asian-Americans and Hispanics showed significantly increased risks for A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis.
    • Male gender increased risk for P. intermedia and P. nigrescens.
    • Smoking and age were associated with increased pathogen prevalence, while longer US residency and former smoking were associated with decreased A. actinomycetemcomitans.
    • Dental visit frequency and time since last visit showed inverse and positive associations with P. intermedia, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Race/ethnicity, age, gender, smoking status, and duration of US residency are significant factors influencing the carriage of periodontal pathogens.
    • Periodontal disease severity is a strong indicator for the presence of these key pathogens.
    • Genetic and/or environmental factors likely predispose individuals to oral colonization by putative periodontal pathogens.