Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 27, 2026

Surgical Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia Treated by Exosome-laden Collagen Patch and Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Published on: September 15, 2023
[Angina caused by subclavian-coronary steal in patients revascularized with internal mammary artery]
1Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga.
Abstract:
After coronary bypass surgery in the left internal mammary artery, occlusive atherosclerosis in the proximal subclavian artery can produce reverse flow in the mammary artery and myocardial ischemia (coronary-subclavian steal syndrome). This is a rare cause of recurrent myocardial ischemia. We present two patients with postoperative complete obstruction in the proximal subclavian artery and inverse flow in the mammary artery producing severe ischemia in the left anterior descending artery territory. Both patients were treated with subclavian-subclavian bypass, which in one patient was ineffective in producing an adequate anterograde flow in the left internal mammary artery. We review clinical management, diagnostic methods and therapeutic options used in the coronary-subclavian steal syndrome.
Related Concept Videos
Angina II: Classification
Angina I: Introduction
Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment
Angina V: Nursing Management
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction
Angina IV: Management
