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Auditory screening in high-risk pre-term and full-term neonates using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and
T Morlet1, C Ferber-Viart, G Putet
1Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Neurosensorielle, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France.
Insights
Early hearing screening for high-risk newborns using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) identified hearing loss in 0.9% of infants, confirming the need for continued screening.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal screening
- Audiology
- Pediatric audiology
Background:
- Neonatal hearing loss affects 1-3 per 1000 live births.
- Early identification and intervention are crucial for language and cognitive development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a hearing screening protocol in high-risk neonates.
- To determine the incidence of hearing loss in this population.
Main Methods:
- A 3-year, 8-month screening of 1531 high-risk neonates.
- Utilized two transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) recordings.
- Follow-up with brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and otolaryngology (ORL) consultation for suspected cases.
Main Results:
- 11.1% of infants (170/1531) were suspected of hearing loss.
- Definite hearing loss was diagnosed in 0.9% (14/1531) of the total screened population.
- Mean age at diagnosis of definite hearing loss was 9.9 months.
Conclusions:
- Early hearing loss screening in at-risk neonates is effective in identifying significant cases.
- The established protocol demonstrates the necessity of continued screening programs for early detection.
- Auditory risk factors were more prevalent in infants with confirmed hearing loss.
Abstract:
The present report concerns a 3 year, 8 month hearing screening in 1531 high-risk neonates by means of two successive transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) recordings followed, in cases of suspected hearing loss, by brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) recording and otolaryngology (ORL) consultation. After TEOAE 1 and 2 and BAEP testing, 1361 infants (88.9%) were declared normal, and 170 (11.1%) suspected of hearing loss. Of these 170, 58 showed bilateral and 26 unilateral impairment. Definite hearing loss on ORL consultation was diagnosed in 14 infants (0.9% of the screened population as a whole); 22 are still being followed, while 86 (5.6%) failed to consult for diagnosis. The mean age on diagnosis of definite hearing loss was 9.9 +/- 4.9 (range 4-20) months. Several auditory function risk factors proved more frequent in deaf than in normal children. Our results show that early hearing loss screening in at-risk neonates needs to be pursued.