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Births and deaths: preliminary data for 1997

S J Ventura, R N Anderson, J A Martin

    National Vital Statistics Reports : From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System
    |November 7, 1998
    PubMed
    Summary

    Preliminary 1997 U.S. data show declining teen birth rates and increased life expectancy. While Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and homicide death rates fell, infant mortality decreased slightly, and low birthweight rates rose.

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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health Surveillance
    • Vital Statistics
    • Demography

    Background:

    • The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) provides crucial data on U.S. births and deaths.
    • Understanding demographic trends in births and mortality is essential for public health policy.
    • 1997 data offer insights into evolving maternal and infant health indicators.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present preliminary 1997 U.S. vital statistics on births and deaths.
    • To analyze birth data by maternal age, race, and Hispanic origin.
    • To report on national and state-level data for marital status, prenatal care, cesarean delivery, low birthweight, life expectancy, leading causes of death, and infant mortality.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a 99% sample of U.S. births and an 85% sample of U.S. deaths for 1997.

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  • Employed weighting procedures to align with independent control counts for births and deaths.
  • Data were collected from State vital statistics offices.

    • Main Results:

    • Teen birth rates declined 3% from 1996 to 1997, continuing a downward trend since 1991.
    • The overall low birthweight rate increased to 7.5%, while Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and homicide death rates saw significant decreases.
    • Life expectancy reached a record high of 76.5 years; the preliminary infant mortality rate was 7.1 per 1,000 live births.

    Conclusions:

    • The declining teen birth rate and increasing life expectancy are positive public health indicators.
    • Persistent challenges include rising low birthweight rates and disparities in infant mortality.
    • Significant reductions in deaths from HIV and homicide highlight the impact of public health interventions.