Tissue distribution, metabolism, and clearance of the convulsant trimethylolpropane phosphate in rats

The distribution, metabolism, and clearance of trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP), a potent, bicyclophosphate, gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic convulsant, were studied in male Fischer-344 rats. Intraperitoneal administration of TMPP was compared with oral gavage with respect to rates of absorption, distribution, and clearance. Distribution of TMPP to major body tissues was evaluated for the first 24 hr after administration or, in the case of regional brain distribution, immediately after the first TMPP-induced clinical seizure. Samples purified from the urine, feces, and bile of rats exposed to TMPP, as well as from rat liver microsomes incubated with TMPP in vitro, were analyzed for possible phase I and phase II metabolism, using HPLC. The disposition and clearance of TMPP in the blood and major body tissues were measured. TMPP was found to be well distributed to highly vascularized tissue compartments, with little retention >24 hr after administration. TMPP was eliminated through the urine and feces as the parent compound, with no evidence of phase I or phase II metabolism. TMPP was rapidly cleared from the blood during the first 30 min after exposure, with slower clearance of >87% of the drug during the following 8-hr period and >99.5% clearance by 100 hr after injection. Repeated daily exposure to TMPP for up to 5 successive days resulted in no measurable accumulation in the brain or other major tissue compartments. Possible mechanisms for TMPP-induced, short- and long-term, neurobehavioral modulation are discussed.