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Herpes simplex virus as a transneuronal tracer

R B Norgren1, M N Lehman

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|November 11, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are effective tools for tracing neural connections. This review highlights their use in understanding complex neural circuitry across various brain systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • Understanding neural system connectivity is essential for deciphering brain function.
  • Transneuronal tracing is a key technique for mapping neural circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review focuses on the application of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) as transneuronal tracers.
  • To evaluate the utility of HSV in studying neural circuitry.

Main Methods:

  • HSV is injected into a target brain region.
  • Following incubation, animals undergo perfusion and immunohistochemistry using antibodies against HSV proteins.
  • Key variables influencing infection include host species, age, virus titre, strain, and cell phenotype.

Main Results:

  • HSV tracing is technically straightforward and has been successfully applied across diverse neuroanatomical systems.
  • The choice of HSV strain is a critical factor for successful tracing.
  • HSV has been used to study the somatosensory, olfactory, visual, motor, autonomic, and limbic systems.

Conclusions:

  • Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) represent a valuable and accessible method for transneuronal tracing.
  • HSV facilitates the investigation of neural circuits in multiple neuroanatomical systems.
  • This technique aids in understanding the functional organization of the nervous system.

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