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[Adverse effects associated with influenza vaccine in pediatrics]
V Martín Moreno1, M R Molina Cabrerizo, M J Sotillo Rincón
1Centro de Salud San Fernando II, Azorín, Móstoles, Madrid.
Insights
Influenza immunization in children is safe, with rare and mild adverse reactions. This study found that side effects like injection site pain and mild fever quickly resolved, with no need for medical consultation.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Vaccinology
- Immunology
Context:
- Influenza poses significant morbidity and mortality risks in children.
- Current influenza vaccines have limitations for pediatric use.
- Accurate assessment of influenza's impact on child health is challenging.
Purpose:
- To evaluate adverse reactions associated with influenza immunization in children.
- To assess the safety profile of split-virion influenza vaccine in a pediatric population.
Summary:
- A prospective study involving 105 children utilized split-virion influenza vaccine over multiple campaigns.
- Adverse reactions were monitored, including local (erythema, induration, pain) and systemic (rhinorrhea, discomfort, fever, myalgia, cough) effects.
- Most systemic reactions resolved within 48 hours, and no medical consultations were required.
Impact:
- The influenza vaccine demonstrated a favorable safety profile in children.
- Observed adverse reactions were infrequent, mild, and well-tolerated.
- No significant differences in reactions were noted based on age, sex, prior vaccination status, or data collection method.
Background:
The difficulties which exist in order to value correctly the morbimortality caused by influenza during the childhood and the limitations of the proper vaccine make that the use of this vaccination is still limited in this phase. The objective of the present study is to value the adverse reactions associated to the influenza immunization in children.
Methods:
Prospective study, carried out in the campaigns 92/93, 93/94 97/98 on 105 children of Navalcarnero with split-virion influenza vaccine with vaccinal strains recommended by the OMS. All the doses are administered by a nurse who also carries out the postimmunization-controls after 72 hours. The adverse reactions are valued, like the zone of injection, sex, age, the previous vaccination and the collection of data by telephone or in consultation.
Results:
Of global form (318 doses), on a local level appears a reaction of 10.7%, in form of erythema (8.5%), induration (7.9%) and pain (only 97/98, 13.9%) and on a systemic level appears a reaction of 11.9%, in form of rhinorrhea (3.1%), general discomfort (2.5%), fever (2.5%), muscular pains (1.6%) and cough (1.6%). In a 89.5% the systemic effects disappear during the first 48 hours. In no case medical consultation was precised.
Conclusions:
The vaccine is safe. The adverse reactions that may appear are scarce, slight and well tolerated. There do not exist significant differences in terms of age, sex, the previous vaccination or the collection of the results by telephone or in consultation. The gluteus presents greater local reactogenicity that the deltoidal zone.