Visual reproduction subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised: analysis of construct validity

Area of Science:

• Neuropsychology
• Cognitive Psychology
• Psychometrics

Background:

• The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is a widely used tool for assessing memory.
• Visual Reproduction (VR) subtests, specifically Flags and Boxes, are key components.
• Evaluating the construct validity of scoring criteria is crucial for accurate assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the construct validity of original and revised scoring criteria for WMS VR Cards A (Flags) and B (Boxes).
• To examine the relationship of these subtests with age, education, IQ, and other memory measures.

Main Methods:

• Independent raters scored Flags and Boxes using both original and revised WMS scoring criteria.
• Correlational analyses were performed with demographic variables (age, education) and criterion memory measures.
• Factor analysis was employed to explore the underlying structure of the subtests.

Main Results:

• Revised scoring for Flags showed improved construct validity.
• Revised scoring for Boxes demonstrated decreased construct validity.
• Factor analysis indicated Flags are a distinct visual memory measure, while Boxes are associated with conceptual reasoning and IQ.

Conclusions:

• The revised scoring criteria for WMS VR Flags enhance construct validity.
• The revised scoring criteria for WMS VR Boxes may diminish construct validity and increase association with cognitive abilities beyond pure visual memory.
• Differences in construct validity and cognitive associations between Flags and Boxes are highlighted by the revised scoring.