Related Experiment Videos
Inactivation of viruses by beta-propiolactone in human cryo poor plasma and IgG concentrates
A Scheidler1, K Rokos, T Reuter
1Fachbereich Virologie, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Abstract:
Virus inactivation by cold treatment with beta-propiolactone (BPL) was investigated in human cryo poor plasma and purified IgG concentrates spiked with relevant human viruses or appropriate animal model viruses. The samples were treated with 0.1 or 0.25% BPL for 300 or 480 min, respectively. Residual infectivity was determined by standard microtitration assays on tissue culture cells. The inactivation of all viruses tested was more effective in IgG than in plasma. IgG: R1=4-5.5 log10 for vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Semliki Forest virus (SFV), bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV), murine encephalomyelitis virus (MEV), feline calicivirus (FVC), suid parvovirus (PPV), simian virus 40 (SV40); R1=2-4 log10 for suid herpesvirus type 1 (SHV-1), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVagm3). Plasma: R1=3-5 log10 for VSV, SFV, BVDV, SHV-1, MEV:R1=0-3 log10 for HIV-1, SIVagm3 BHV-1, FCV, PPV, SV40. After addition of SIVagm3, HIV-2, and PPV to plasma or IgG, spontaneous inactivation without further addition of BPL was observed. These results demonstrate that treatment with BPL has a limited capacity to inactivate viruses. Different inactivation kinetics were observed in plasma and IgG concentrates. Therefore, virus inactivation by BPL must be tested for individual blood products independently and should not be extrapolated from other model systems.
Insights
Beta-propiolactone (BPL) cold treatment showed limited virus inactivation capacity in plasma and IgG concentrates. Inactivation effectiveness varied between IgG and plasma, necessitating individual testing for blood products.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Virology
- Blood Product Safety
Background:
- Ensuring the viral safety of blood products is critical.
- Beta-propiolactone (BPL) is a chemical agent explored for virus inactivation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of cold treatment with BPL for inactivating various viruses in human plasma and purified IgG concentrates.
- To compare virus inactivation kinetics in plasma versus IgG concentrates.
Main Methods:
- Human plasma and IgG concentrates were spiked with a panel of human and animal viruses.
- Samples were treated with beta-propiolactone (BPL) at specific concentrations and durations.
- Residual virus infectivity was quantified using standard microtitration assays.
Main Results:
- Virus inactivation was generally more effective in IgG concentrates than in plasma across tested viruses.
- Significant log10 reductions (R1) were observed, varying by virus type and matrix (IgG or plasma).
- Spontaneous inactivation was noted for specific viruses (SIVagm3, HIV-2, PPV) in both plasma and IgG without additional BPL.
Conclusions:
- Beta-propiolactone (BPL) cold treatment demonstrates a limited capacity for virus inactivation in blood products.
- Virus inactivation kinetics differ significantly between plasma and purified IgG concentrates.
- Virus inactivation efficacy of BPL cannot be extrapolated between different blood products and requires independent validation.