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Gastrulation01:56

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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...
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Double Whole Mount in situ Hybridization of Early Chick Embryos
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RNA helicase A is essential for normal gastrulation

C G Lee1, V da Costa Soares, C Newberger

  • 1Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary

RNA helicase A (RHA) is crucial for mammalian embryonic development. RHA knockout mice exhibit early embryonic lethality due to apoptosis in ectodermal cells during gastrulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • RNA helicase A (RHA) is the human homolog of Drosophila maleless.
  • RHA participates in cAMP-dependent gene transcription.
  • cAMP is a critical second messenger in signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of RHA during mammalian embryogenesis.
  • To determine the role of RHA in mammalian development.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of RHA knockout mice via homologous recombination.
  • Histological analysis and TUNEL assays on RHA-null embryos.
  • RNA in situ hybridization for gastrulation markers (HNF-3beta, Brachyury).

Main Results:

  • RHA knockout resulted in early embryonic lethality.
  • RHA-null embryos showed significant apoptotic cell death in ectodermal cells during gastrulation.
  • Expression patterns of HNF-3beta and Brachyury were altered in RHA-null embryos, indicating developmental delays.

Conclusions:

  • RHA is essential for early mammalian embryonic development.
  • RHA is required for the survival and differentiation of embryonic ectoderm.
  • Disruption of RHA function leads to gastrulation defects and embryonic lethality.