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Chemokines and atherosclerosis

R Terkeltaub1, W A Boisvert, L K Curtiss

  • 1Department of Medicine, VA Medical Centre, University of California, San Diego, USA. rterkeltaub@ucsd.edu

Current Opinion in Lipidology
|November 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Chemokines, like monocyte chemoattractant and activating protein-1, drive chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis by recruiting and activating immune cells. New research highlights roles for C-C and C-X-C chemokine subfamilies in disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Atherogenesis involves chronic inflammation, characterized by leukocyte recruitment and activation within lesions.
  • Chemokines, small polypeptides, are crucial regulators of leukocyte migration, growth, and activation.
  • Monocyte chemoattractant and activating protein-1 (MCP-1) was the first chemokine linked to leukocyte-mediated inflammation in atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review new information on the atherogenic roles of MCP-1 and related C-C chemokines.
  • To highlight the newly recognized atherogenic roles of C-X-C chemokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8) and growth-regulated oncogene alpha (GRO-alpha).
  • To discuss stimuli, such as CD40 ligand, that promote chemokine expression in atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent studies in atherogenesis and chemokine function.
  • Analysis of the roles of C-C and C-X-C chemokine subfamilies in inflammatory processes.
  • Examination of regulatory mechanisms, including CD40 ligand-mediated chemokine expression.

Main Results:

  • MCP-1 and other C-C chemokines play significant roles in the inflammatory pathways of atherosclerosis.
  • C-X-C chemokines, specifically IL-8 and GRO-alpha, exhibit newly identified atherogenic functions.
  • CD40 ligand and other stimuli can induce chemokine expression, contributing to atherosclerotic development.

Conclusions:

  • Chemokines are central mediators of inflammatory cell recruitment and activation in atherosclerosis.
  • Specific C-C and C-X-C chemokines are key contributors to atherogenesis.
  • Understanding chemokine regulation provides potential therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.

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