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Related Experiment Videos

Protein transport into "complex" diatom plastids utilizes two different targeting signals

M Lang1, K E Apt, P G Kroth

  • 1Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|November 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Diatom plastid protein import involves a two-step process, including endoplasmic reticulum transit. This mechanism, similar to higher plants, highlights conserved protein targeting in algae evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Algal Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Diatom plastids are enclosed by four membranes, unlike higher plant chloroplasts (two membranes).
  • Nuclear-encoded proteins in diatoms possess bipartite targeting sequences, including an ER signal sequence and a transit peptide-like domain.
  • Understanding diatom protein import is crucial for comprehending plastid evolution and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protein import mechanism into diatom plastids.
  • To determine if diatom protein targeting shares similarities with higher plants and green algae.
  • To elucidate the functional equivalence of targeting signals in different algal lineages.

Main Methods:

  • Heterologous import experiments using the gamma subunit of chloroplast ATPase from Odontella sinensis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of protein targeting sequences, including endoplasmic reticulum signal sequences and transit peptide-like domains.
  • Comparative sequence analysis of protein targeting signals across different plant and algal groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Protein import into diatom plastids is a multi-step process, at least two steps are involved.
    • The initial step involves co-translational transport through endoplasmic reticulum membranes.
    • A subsequent targeting step, similar to higher plants, indicates functional equivalence of diatom and plant transit peptide-like domains.

    Conclusions:

    • Diatom plastid protein import requires passage through the endoplasmic reticulum, followed by a distinct targeting step.
    • The transit peptide-dependent targeting mechanism in plastids is evolutionarily conserved.
    • While the core targeting mechanism is conserved, the peptidase cleavage site has undergone significant modification during evolution.