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CD44 occupancy prevents macrophage multinucleation

H Sterling1, C Saginario, A Vignery

  • 1Yale University School of Medicine, Departments of Cell Biology and Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|November 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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CD44 glycoprotein expression increases during macrophage fusion, and its ligands prevent this process. This suggests CD44 mediates cell-cell interactions, controlling macrophage fusion in tissues.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mononuclear phagocytes, including macrophages, exhibit cell adhesion and fusion capabilities.
  • These cells differentiate into specialized types like osteoclasts and giant cells.
  • CD44, a surface glycoprotein, is implicated in hematopoietic cell-cell adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CD44 in the mechanism of macrophage adhesion and fusion.
  • To understand how CD44 influences macrophage multinucleation.

Main Methods:

  • Studied CD44 expression in macrophages under fusogenic conditions (in vitro and in vivo).
  • Investigated the effect of CD44 ligands (hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfates, osteopontin) on macrophage multinucleation.
  • Assessed the impact of recombinant extracellular domain of CD44 on fusing macrophages.

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Main Results:

  • CD44 expression is transiently and highly induced in macrophages during fusion.
  • CD44 ligands inhibit macrophage multinucleation.
  • Recombinant CD44 extracellular domain binds to fusing macrophages and prevents multinucleation.

Conclusions:

  • CD44 plays a crucial role in regulating macrophage fusion.
  • CD44-mediated cell-cell interactions may control the mononucleated state of macrophages in tissues.