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Relationship between alcoholism and CYP2E1 C/D polymorphism

K Iwahashi1, S Ameno, K Ameno

  • 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kagawa Medical School, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan.

Neuropsychobiology
|November 14, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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The CYP2E1 C gene polymorphism is linked to a higher risk of alcohol dependence in Japanese individuals. This genetic factor may influence alcoholism susceptibility in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Alcohol dependence is a complex disorder with genetic and environmental influences.
  • Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in alcohol metabolism.
  • Genetic variations in CYP2E1 may affect an individual's susceptibility to alcohol-related disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between CYP2E1 (C/D) polymorphism and alcohol dependence risk in the Japanese population.
  • To compare CYP2E1 C allele frequencies between Japanese alcohol dependents, Japanese healthy controls, and Swedish healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of CYP2E1 loci in 35 alcoholic and 130 nonalcoholic Japanese individuals.
  • Statistical analysis using chi-squared tests to compare gene frequencies between groups.

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Main Results:

  • A significant difference in CYP2E1 C gene frequency was observed between alcohol-dependent (0.41) and control (0.28) Japanese individuals (p < 0.001).
  • The CYP2E1 C allele frequency was significantly higher in healthy Japanese controls (0.41) compared to Swedish healthy controls (0.10) (p < 0.001).
  • The D gene frequency was higher in controls than in alcoholics.

Conclusions:

  • The CYP2E1 C gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of developing alcohol dependence in the Japanese population.
  • CYP2E1 genetic variations may play a role in alcoholism susceptibility.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking CYP2E1 genotypes to alcohol dependence.