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Quantitative diffusion coefficient maps using fast spin-echo MRI

S Brockstedt1, C Thomsen, R Wirestam

  • 1Department of Radiation Physics, Lund University Hospital, Sweden. Sara.Brockstedt@radfys.lu.se

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|November 14, 1998
PubMed
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This study evaluated a new diffusion-sensitive fast spin-echo (FSE) pulse sequence for improved MRI. The sequence accurately measured apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) in phantoms and healthy volunteers.

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Diffusion MRI
  • Pulse Sequence Development

Background:

  • Fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences are crucial for reducing scan times in MRI.
  • Optimizing diffusion-sensitive FSE sequences is essential for accurate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping.
  • Minimizing artifacts from stimulated echoes and gradient cross-terms is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a novel diffusion-sensitive FSE pulse sequence.
  • To assess the impact of velocity-compensating diffusion-encoding gradients and navigator echoes.
  • To investigate the accuracy of ADC quantification with this sequence.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and implemented a diffusion-sensitive FSE pulse sequence with velocity-compensated gradients and navigator echoes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Incorporated spoiler gradients to minimize stimulated echo effects.
  • Performed pixel-wise ADC map calculations, accounting for gradient cross-terms.
  • Tested sequences with varying echo train lengths (16, 8, 4) and encoding directions.
  • Utilized a version with non-motion compensating gradients for higher b values.
  • Conducted phantom studies with water and acetone.
  • Acquired in vivo data from seven healthy volunteers.

    • Main Results:

    • Calculated b values showed only marginal increases due to gradient cross-terms.
    • Phantom measurements yielded reasonable diffusion coefficients for water and acetone.
    • In vivo apparent diffusion coefficient values in healthy volunteers aligned with expected values.
    • High-quality diffusion-weighted images, ADC maps, and trace images were obtained.

    Conclusions:

    • The evaluated diffusion-sensitive FSE pulse sequence demonstrates good performance for in vivo diffusion MRI.
    • The sequence provides accurate ADC measurements and high-quality diffusion imaging.
    • This technique holds promise for clinical applications requiring efficient and accurate diffusion quantification.