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Coronary risk factors of angiographically assessed patients from Syria
H al-Kateb1, W Zarzzour, M Shameah
1Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Assad University of Damascus, Syria.
Insights
Predictors of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Arab men include obesity, age, and smoking. These well-known risk factors, amenable to correction, highlight the need for targeted secondary prevention strategies in Syria.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors in Arab populations require better definition.
- Understanding these predictors is crucial for effective public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and define predictors of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a Syrian male population.
- To assess the influence of demographic, lifestyle, and lipid factors on CAD prevalence.
Main Methods:
- 192 male patients with suspected CAD underwent cardiac catheterization.
- Univariate and multivariate regression analyses assessed age, obesity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and lipid profiles.
- Definite CAD was defined as >50% stenosis in any of three major coronary arteries.
Main Results:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) was present in 80% of the study cohort.
- Key discriminators for CAD included body mass index, age, smoking, and the apolipoprotein B:A-I ratio.
- Strongest correlations with CAD were observed for total:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, apolipoprotein B:A-I ratio, and age.
Conclusions:
- Established risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) are relevant in this Syrian population.
- Obesity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and lipid levels are modifiable risk factors.
- Syria should implement secondary prevention strategies similar to those used in non-Arab countries.
Background:
Predictors of coronary artery disease in an Arab population had not been defined well.
Methods:
We studied 192 male patients with suspected coronary artery disease, who underwent catheterization. We defined definite coronary artery disease as > 50% stenosis in any of three vessels. The effects of age, obesity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and lipid fractions were assessed by means of univariate and multivariate regression analysis.
Results:
Coronary artery disease was present in 153 men (80%) and absent from 39 men. Patients without coronary artery disease were slightly younger, thinner, smoked less, and had lower cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels than did those who had coronary artery disease. By stepwise regression analysis, the best discriminators were body mass index (P = 0.0004), age (P = 0.0005), smoking (P = 0.014) and the apolipoprotein B:A-I ratio (P = 0.041). The strongest Pearson correlation coefficients for coronary artery disease were the ratio of total: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (r = 0.26), the apolipoprotein B:A-I ratio (r = 0.26), and age (r = 0.25), all P < 0.0005.
Conclusions:
In this angiographically evaluated Syrian population, previously recognized, well-known risk factors appeared. Obesity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and elevated lipid levels are all amenable to correction. Syria should adopt the same secondary prevention strategies as those currently being practiced by non-Arab countries.