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First results for resetting the antitumor immune response by immune corrective surgery in colon cancer
E Barbera-Guillem1, M W Arnold, M B Nelson
1Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Spain.
Background:
A critical step for cancer recurrence is the failure of the cellular immune response. It is suspected that chronic humoral immune responses against some tumor-associated antigens (TAA) can contribute to that failure.
Methods:
In this study, we tested the ability of an immune corrective surgical procedure to prevent recurrences of colon cancer in stages I, II, and III. Radiolabeled anti-TAG antibodies injected intravenously become concentrated on TAG-72 immune complexes presented by follicular dendritic cells, which are responsible for the persistent humoral response against TAG-72 TAA. Using a hand-held gamma probe, we can intraoperatively detect and remove lymph nodes involved in TAG-72 presentation. By removing these lymph nodes, together with the tumor tissue, presentation and source of TAG-72 are drastically reduced.
Results:
The impact of this TAA suppression on the tumor recurrence process is analyzed in a sample of 24 patients. The immune corrective surgical procedure did not increase morbidity. Five years after surgery the following were disease free: 5 of 5 stage I, 6 of 6 stage II, and 10 of 13 stage III. The global survival of this group was 87.5%. Compared with the standard surgical treatment of colon cancer (58% survival for the same stages), this surgical immune corrective procedure introduces a statistically significant improvement of 29% (P <0.001).
Conclusions:
The surgical removal of lymph nodes involved in the persistent humoral immune response against TAA has an important beneficial impact on colon cancer treatment.