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Changes in cardiac diastolic dimensions precede hypertrophy in early stages of hypertension

C Lemme1, K Lindvall, U de Faire

  • 1Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of Human Hypertension
|November 18, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) did not increase in borderline hypertensive men over 3 years. However, cardiac dimensions and stress increased, suggesting these changes precede LVH development.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a key indicator of hypertensive target organ damage.
  • LVH predicts major cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and stroke.
  • Longitudinal data on LVH development in hypertension is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal changes in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and related cardiac parameters in men with borderline hypertension.
  • To determine if early cardiac structural and functional changes precede the development of LVH in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-year longitudinal study of 66 men with borderline hypertension (diastolic BP 85-94 mm Hg).
  • M-mode echocardiography performed at baseline and after 3 years.
  • Anthropometrical data, including body mass index (BMI), were recorded.

Main Results:

  • No significant increase in LVH indices was observed over the 3-year study period.
  • Statistically significant increases in aortic root dimension, left atrial diameter in diastole (LADD), left ventricular diameter in diastole (LVDD), and peak systolic wall stress (PSWS) were noted.
  • A significant decrease in left ventricular ejection time (LVET) was observed, alongside correlations between baseline BP and PSWS, and BMI and LV mass/wall thickness.

Conclusions:

  • LVH indices did not progress in borderline hypertensive men over 3 years.
  • Increases in aortic root dimension, LADD, LVDD, and PSWS, along with shortened LVET, suggest these changes may precede LVH.
  • Body mass index (BMI) demonstrated a stronger correlation with LVH indices than blood pressure levels.
Abstract

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