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Related Experiment Videos

Some thoughts about localization and expression of tissue factor

Y Nemerson1, P L Giesen

  • 1Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York, NY 10029, USA. nemerson@smtplink.mssm.edu

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis : an International Journal in Haemostasis and Thrombosis
|November 18, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Tissue factor (TF) is crucial for blood clotting and is found in vascular tissue. New research suggests vesicular TF in arteries may initiate thrombosis, challenging previous assumptions about coagulation triggers.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Vascular Biology
  • Hemostasis

Background:

  • Tissue Factor (TF) is a protein primarily involved in hemostasis and is concentrated in vascular tissues.
  • Most cell surface TF exists in a latent state, meaning simple exposure to procoagulant proteins is insufficient for triggering coagulation.
  • An intracellular pool of TF has been identified in vascular smooth muscle cells following growth factor stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution and potential role of intracellular and vesicular Tissue Factor (TF) in vascular hemostasis and thrombosis.
  • To determine if TF staining accurately reflects the thrombogenic potential of vessels.
  • To explore novel mechanisms initiating coagulation beyond simple vascular wall disruption.

Main Methods:

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  • Estimation of cellular TF distribution (surface, intracellular, latent).
  • Detection of vesicular TF in arterial sections.
  • Analysis of TF's role in coagulation initiation.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 50% of cellular TF is latent, and 30% is intracellular, with only 20% readily available on the cell surface.
    • The bulk of cell surface TF is latent, indicating that surface staining does not reliably predict hemostatic or thrombogenic potential.
    • Vesicular TF has been detected in arterial sections, suggesting a potential role in initiating thrombosis and hemostasis.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular TF distribution is complex, with significant intracellular and latent pools.
    • Current methods of assessing vascular TF may underestimate thrombotic risk due to the latent nature of surface TF.
    • Vesicular TF represents a newly identified pool that may play a critical role in initiating thrombosis and hemostasis in vivo.