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Related Experiment Videos

Role for a YY1-binding element in replication-dependent mouse histone gene expression

K A Eliassen1, A Baldwin, E M Sikorski

  • 1Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4370, USA.

Molecular and Cellular Biology
|November 20, 1998
PubMed
Summary

The transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) binds to a specific DNA element (alpha) in replication-dependent histone genes. This interaction is crucial for the proper cell cycle-specific expression of these essential genes.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Cycle Regulation
  • Gene Expression

Background:

  • Replication-dependent histone genes are crucial for DNA replication and are upregulated during the S phase of the cell cycle.
  • A specific DNA element, termed 'alpha', located within the protein-encoding sequence of these histone genes, is essential for their proper expression.
  • Previous studies indicated that mutations in the alpha element reduce histone gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the protein factor that recognizes the histone alpha element.
  • To investigate the role of this protein factor in the cell cycle-specific regulation of histone gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • A yeast one-hybrid screen using a HeLa cell cDNA library was employed to identify the DNA-binding protein.

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  • In vitro DNA-protein interaction assays were performed to confirm the binding.
  • Mutational analysis of the histone alpha element was conducted in vivo to assess its effect on gene expression and cell cycle regulation.

    • Main Results:

    • The transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) was identified as the protein that specifically binds to the histone alpha element.
    • The in vitro DNA-protein interaction was confirmed to be dependent on YY1.
    • Mutations in the alpha element that disrupt YY1 binding in vitro led to altered cell cycle phase-specific up-regulation of the mouse H3.2 gene in vivo.

    Conclusions:

    • YY1 recognizes the histone alpha element within replication-dependent histone genes.
    • The interaction between YY1 and the alpha element is critical for the correct temporal regulation of histone gene expression during the S phase.
    • This finding implicates YY1 in the precise control of histone gene expression, essential for DNA replication and cell division.