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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
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Local GABA circuit control of experience-dependent plasticity in developing visual cortex

T K Hensch1, M Fagiolini, N Mataga

  • 1Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Development, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. hensch@postman.riken.go.jp

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 20, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Disrupting a specific gene isoform impaired visual cortex development in mice. Enhancing inhibitory transmission restored this plasticity, suggesting inhibitory interneurons guide visual system development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Early life sensory experiences are crucial for mammalian brain development.
  • Activity-dependent refinement shapes functional connections in the visual cortex.
  • Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) plays a role in neural inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of a specific glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform in visual cortex development.
  • To understand how gene-targeted disruption affects experience-dependent plasticity.
  • To explore potential therapeutic interventions for developmental visual impairments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a gene-targeted mouse model with disrupted GAD isoform.
  • Assessed visual cortex plasticity using monocular deprivation paradigms.

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  • Examined synaptic modification mechanisms in vitro.
  • Administered benzodiazepines to modulate inhibitory transmission in vivo.

    • Main Results:

    • Gene disruption prevented the normal loss of responsiveness to visual deprivation.
    • Synaptic modification mechanisms in vitro were unaffected.
    • Pharmacological enhancement of inhibitory transmission restored visual plasticity in vivo.
    • The genetic defect was rescued by enhancing fast intracortical inhibitory transmission.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific inhibitory interneuron networks in the visual cortex are critical for detecting sensory input perturbations.
    • These interneurons drive experience-dependent plasticity during development.
    • Targeting inhibitory transmission may offer a strategy to rescue developmental visual plasticity defects.