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Cellular adhesion mediated by factor J, a complement inhibitor. Evidence for nucleolin involvement

S Larrucea1, C González-Rubio, R Cambronero

  • 1Unidad de Inmunología, Hospital La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261-28046 Madrid, Spain.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|November 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

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Factor J (FJ), a complement inhibitor, binds to cell surfaces, mediating cell adhesion. Researchers identified nucleolin as the specific receptor responsible for this interaction.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Factor J (FJ) is a known inhibitor of the classical and alternative complement pathways.
  • The cellular interactions and specific binding mechanisms of Factor J remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between Factor J and various human cell lines.
  • To identify the specific cell surface receptor mediating Factor J binding and subsequent cell adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to assess Factor J-cell interactions with Jurkat, K562, JY, and peripheral blood lymphocytes.
  • Cell adhesion assays were performed with immobilized Factor J, with inhibition studies using antibodies and glycosaminoglycans.
  • Affinity chromatography and microsequence analysis were employed to identify the putative Factor J receptor, followed by immunofluorescence and Western blot validation.

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Main Results:

  • Factor J induced adhesion of tested cell lines to immobilized Factor J, an interaction dependent on active cell metabolism and cytoskeletal integrity.
  • Adhesion was specifically blocked by anti-Factor J antibodies and soluble Factor J, and modulated by glycosaminoglycans and enzymatic treatment.
  • Nucleolin was identified as the 110 kDa receptor for Factor J on the cell membrane, and its interaction with Factor J was confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • Factor J mediates cell adhesion through specific binding to nucleolin on the cell surface.
  • Nucleolin acts as the primary receptor, mediating the interaction between Factor J and cells, impacting cellular adhesion processes.