Hypertension, calcium channel and pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

The moderately pyridoxine (vitamin B6)-deficient male rat was introduced by us as an animal model (B6DHT) for the study of hypertension. Hypertension in this rat is associated with increased sympathetic stimulation. Arterial segments from B6DHT rats maintained a higher resting tone. The influx of 45calcium into intracellular compartment of the vascular smooth muscle of the caudate artery of B6DHT rats was also enhanced. Administration of pyridoxine attenuated the hypertension in B6DHT rats as well as in genetic or dietary-induced moderately hypertensive conditions such as in the Zucker obese rat and sucrose or low calcium-fed rats. However, pyridoxine did not have any effect on the spontaneously hypertensive rat. All classes of calcium channel blockers were effective in lowering the systolic blood pressure of B6DHT rats. The increased in vitro influx of 45calcium into intracellular compartment of artery segments of B6DHT rats as well as the BAY K 8644-induced influx of 45calcium into artery segments from normal rats were blocked by pyridoxal phosphate as well as by dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel blockers (DHP). Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) in vitro enhances the binding of calcium channel antagonists to membrane preparations from vascular tissue. PLP corrects the membrane abnormality in responsive hypertensive conditions and thus, could be an endogenous modulator of DHP-sensitive calcium channels.