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[Pain in children with cancer: models of evaluation]
1Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto-USP.
Insights
This study adapted the Visual Analogy Scale of Faces for nursing use in assessing pain in children with cancer. This validated tool helps minimize physical and emotional distress in pediatric cancer patients.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Science
- Pediatric Oncology
- Pain Management
Context:
- Pain management in pediatric cancer patients is a critical nursing concern.
- Existing literature describes pain through various dimensions and evaluation models.
- Minimizing physical-emotional distress is a primary goal in pediatric cancer care.
Purpose:
- To describe pain evaluation models in children.
- To present the adaptation of the Visual Analogy Scale of Faces (McGrath, 1990) for nursing use.
- To validate this scale as an instrument for nursing care in pediatric oncology.
Summary:
- The study reviews pain assessment models relevant to children.
- It details the adaptation of McGrath's Visual Analogy Scale of Faces for pediatric cancer patients.
- The adapted scale serves as a nursing instrument for evaluating and controlling pain.
Impact:
- Provides nurses with a validated tool for assessing pain in children with cancer.
- Facilitates better management of physical and emotional pain in this population.
- Demonstrates the potential applicability of the adapted scale in other pediatric pain scenarios.
Abstract:
Control and alleviation of pain in the care to children with cancer are objects of nursing concern in the search for interventions that are able to minimize or avoid physical-emotional problems in these children. Medical, psychological and nursing literatures describe pain through physiological, emotional, behavioural and environmental aspects in several models of scales of pain evaluation and control. This study describes some models of evaluation of pain in children and presents the adaptation of the Scale Model of Visual Analogy of Faces by McGrath (1990), as an instrument to be used in nursing care to children with cancer. Although the literature utilized on this study gives emphasis on the evaluation and control of pain in children with cancer, we verify the viability of applying this model by nursing in other situations of pain.