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Related Experiment Videos

On developing a knowledge base in infancy

J M Mandler1, L McDonough

  • 1Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0515, USA. jmandler@ucsd.edu

Developmental Psychology
|November 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Infants aged 7-11 months develop conceptual categories like animals and vehicles. Further differentiation, such as distinguishing dogs from cats, emerges later, indicating a developmental progression in cognitive organization.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Cognitive science
  • Infant cognition

Background:

  • Early conceptual development in infants is crucial for understanding cognitive organization.
  • The emergence of categorization abilities provides insights into how infants structure their world.
  • Understanding developmental trajectories of categorization can inform theories of semantic memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development of conceptual categorization in infants from 7 to 11 months of age.
  • To explore the formation of global conceptual domains and their subsequent differentiation.
  • To examine the developmental timeline for categorizing specific domains like animals, vehicles, furniture, plants, and kitchen utensils.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an object-examination task across five experiments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Tested infants at 7, 9, and 11 months of age.
  • Assessed categorization of broad domains (animals, vehicles, furniture) and specific subdomains (dogs, birds, cats, plants, kitchen utensils).

    • Main Results:

    • Infants aged 7-11 months successfully categorized global domains: animals, vehicles, and furniture.
    • By 11 months, infants also categorized plants and kitchen utensils.
    • Nine-month-olds did not categorize kitchen utensils, indicating developmental progression.
    • Infants distinguished between dogs and birds by 9 months but differentiated dogs and cats only at 11 months.
    • No subcategorization of furniture was observed within this age range.

    Conclusions:

    • Infants' conceptual systems organize into broad domains that become progressively differentiated with age.
    • This developmental pattern mirrors aspects of the adult conceptual system.
    • Findings contribute to understanding typical cognitive development and potential disruptions, such as in semantic dementia.