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Solar urticaria enhanced through clothing

J Gardeazabal1, R González-Pérez, I Bilbao

  • 1Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, País Vasco, Spain.

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine
|November 25, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Solar urticaria causes skin reactions after UV or visible light exposure. A case study suggests optical whiteners in clothing may worsen UVA-induced solar urticaria by converting UVA to visible light.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Photobiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Solar urticaria is a photosensitivity disorder causing immediate whealing, itching, and erythema upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) and visible light.
  • The exact pathogenic mechanism of solar urticaria is not fully understood, but an immunologic basis is supported by existing evidence.

Observation:

  • This report details an unusual case of solar urticaria with exacerbated symptoms.
  • The patient experienced more severe reactions on skin areas exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation filtered through white clothing.

Findings:

  • Optical whiteners, commonly found in laundry detergents and textiles, absorbed UVA radiation.
  • These whiteners then emitted visible light, which appeared to trigger the urticarial response in the affected patient.

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Implications:

  • This finding suggests a novel mechanism contributing to solar urticaria severity.
  • It highlights the potential role of optical whiteners as photosensitizers in specific cases of solar urticaria.
  • Further research into optical whiteners could inform management strategies for photosensitive individuals.