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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Reduced Itraconazole Concentration and Durations Are Successful in Treating Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Infection in Amphibians

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Antifungal therapy during pregnancy

C T King¹, P D Rogers, J D Cleary

¹Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Georgia, Augusta, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

|November 25, 1998

Summary

When using antifungal medications during pregnancy, topical imidazoles and nystatin are generally safe. Systemic antifungals like amphotericin B have the most safety data, while others like ketoconazole pose risks.

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Published on: February 14, 2018

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Pharmacology
Teratology

Background:

Antifungal therapy during pregnancy requires balancing maternal benefits against fetal risks.
Various antifungal agents have different safety profiles and absorption rates.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the safety of commonly used antifungal medications during pregnancy.
To provide guidance on selecting appropriate antifungal treatments for pregnant individuals.

Main Methods:

Literature review of antifungal drug use in pregnancy.
Analysis of systemic absorption, teratogenic potential, and clinical data for various antifungals.

Main Results:

Topical imidazoles and nystatin are considered safe for skin and vaginal infections, respectively.
Amphotericin B shows no reported teratogenesis; fluconazole may be safe at lower doses.
Ketoconazole, flucytosine, griseofulvin, and iodides are associated with teratogenic or embryotoxic effects and should be avoided.

Conclusions:

Topical antifungals and nystatin are preferred for treating fungal infections in pregnant patients.
Systemic antifungal use requires careful risk-benefit assessment, with amphotericin B being the most studied and fluconazole potentially safe at low doses.
Certain systemic antifungals and iodides pose significant risks and are contraindicated during pregnancy.