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Diarrhoeal diseases

V I Mathan1

  • 1Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India.

British Medical Bulletin
|November 27, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diarrhoea, a common intestinal response, presents acutely in tropics, especially in children, and chronically with malabsorption. Oral rehydration solutions significantly reduce mortality from acute diarrheal diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Diarrhoea is a symptom of various intestinal diseases, classified by duration and features.
  • Acute infective diarrhoea is prevalent in tropics, causing significant child morbidity and mortality.
  • Persistent and chronic diarrhoea increase morbidity and mortality, often linked to malabsorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical classification and management of diarrhoea.
  • To highlight the impact of acute infective diarrhoea in tropical regions.
  • To discuss the implications of chronic diarrhoea and malabsorption syndromes like tropical sprue.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical classification based on duration and associated features.
  • Review of epidemiological data on diarrhoea prevalence in tropical regions.

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  • Discussion of treatment strategies, including oral rehydration and antibiotic indications.

    • Main Results:

    • Oral rehydration solutions have substantially reduced mortality from acute diarrhoea.
    • Antibiotic use is restricted to specific circumstances.
    • Chronic diarrhoea is frequently associated with nutrient malabsorption and conditions like tropical sprue.

    Conclusions:

    • Diarrhoea management requires understanding its diverse causes and clinical presentations.
    • Effective hydration strategies are crucial for reducing diarrhoeal disease mortality.
    • Further study of diarrhoea enhances understanding of intestinal physiology and malabsorption syndromes.