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Osmotic swelling-induced changes in cytosolic calcium do not affect regulatory volume decrease in rat cultured

S Morales-Mulia1, L Vaca, A Hernandez-Cruz

  • 1Department of Biophysics, Institute of Cell Physiology, National University of Mexico, Mexico City.

Journal of Neurochemistry
|December 1, 1998
PubMed
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Hypoosmotic swelling increases intracellular calcium in astrocytes via influx and internal stores. This calcium rise is not essential for regulatory volume decrease (RVD), suggesting other signaling pathways are involved.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Astrocytes play crucial roles in brain function.
  • Cell volume regulation is vital for cellular homeostasis.
  • Calcium ions (Ca2+) are key intracellular signaling molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) changes during hyposmotic swelling.
  • To determine the influence of [Ca2+]i on regulatory volume decrease (RVD) in astrocytes.

Main Methods:

  • Primary astrocyte cultures from rat cerebellum.
  • Exposure to hyposmotic media (50% and 30% dilution).
  • Measurement of [Ca2+]i using calcium indicators.
  • Pharmacological manipulation of Ca2+ channels and stores (e.g., thapsigargin, BAPTA).

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Main Results:

  • Hyposmotic swelling caused a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i, involving both Ca2+ influx and release from internal stores.
  • Inhibition of Ca2+ influx or depletion of internal Ca2+ stores did not prevent RVD.
  • Prolonged exposure to thapsigargin impaired RVD independently of Ca2+ levels.
  • High concentrations of BAPTA, preventing swelling, blocked RVD.

Conclusions:

  • The osmosensitive [Ca2+]i rise in astrocytes is due to increased membrane permeability.
  • This [Ca2+]i elevation is not a necessary signal for initiating RVD in these cells.
  • RVD in astrocytes likely involves signaling pathways independent of the acute Ca2+ response to swelling.