Pentachlorophenol-mediated mutagenic synergy with aromatic amines in Salmonella typhimurium

Pentachlorophenol (PCP), a widely used pesticide, enhanced the mutagenic potency of plant- or mammalian-activated 2-aminofluorene (2AF) as well as the direct-acting mutagen 2-acetoxyacetylaminofluorene (2AAAF) when assayed with specific Salmonella typhimurium strains. With 2AF the mutagenic synergy was observed in strains YG1024, TA1538, and MP153. With 2AAAF the PCP-mediated synergy was observed with these strains and with strain TA98/1,8-DNP6. The synergy was dependent upon the presence of an activated N-acetoxy functional group and was only expressed at the hisD3052 allele and not at the hisG46 allele. Spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated that the rate of degradation of 2AAAF was reduced in the presence of PCP in phosphate buffer or with S. typhimurium cytosol and thus PCP may be affecting the stability of the N-acetoxy group of activated aromatic amines.