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Episodic course in obsessive-compulsive disorder

G Perugi1, H S Akiskal, A Gemignani

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, University of Pisa, Italy.

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
|December 5, 1998
PubMed
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Episodic obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is linked to bipolar disorders. This finding suggests distinct clinical characteristics and family history in episodic OCD patients, impacting treatment and research.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) presents with variable courses, from episodic to chronic.
  • The relationship between episodic OCD and bipolar mood disorders requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical and familial characteristics differentiating episodic from chronic obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • To explore the potential association between episodic OCD and bipolar mood disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A specially constructed OCD questionnaire was administered to 135 patients meeting DSM-III-R criteria for OCD with over 10 years of illness duration.
  • Patients were categorized into episodic (27.4%) and chronic (72.6%) courses.
  • Univariate and multivariate discriminant analyses were employed to compare clinical, familial, and comorbidity factors.

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Main Results:

  • Episodic OCD was characterized by fewer checking rituals and a higher prevalence of a positive family history for mood disorders.
  • Multivariate analysis identified episodic course correlating with a family history of mood disorders, lifetime panic and bipolar-II disorder comorbidity, and later age of onset.
  • A negative correlation was observed between episodic OCD and generalized anxiety disorder.

Conclusions:

  • The episodic course of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with specific clinical correlates, including a family history of mood disorders and comorbid panic and bipolar-II disorders.
  • These findings suggest a potential link between episodic OCD and cyclic mood disorders, warranting tailored treatment and etiological research strategies for this subpopulation.