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Different personalities between depression and anxiety

E Tanaka1, S Sakamoto, N Kijima

  • 1Department of Sociocultural Environmental Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan.

Journal of Clinical Psychology
|December 5, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study explored personality traits linked to depression and anxiety in Japanese students. Key character dimensions like Self-Directedness significantly predicted both depression and anxiety, suggesting their importance in mental health.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Personality Science

Background:

  • Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental health conditions with complex etiological factors.
  • Cloninger's seven-factor model provides a comprehensive framework for understanding personality, encompassing temperament and character dimensions.
  • Previous research has explored links between personality and psychopathology, but specific character dimensions' roles in differentiating depression and anxiety require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between specific personality dimensions, as defined by Cloninger's model, and symptoms of depression and anxiety.
  • To determine which temperament and character dimensions predict depression and anxiety independently.
  • To highlight the potential clinical significance of character dimensions in understanding and potentially treating depression and anxiety.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 223 Japanese students.
  • Utilized the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) to assess seven personality dimensions (four temperament, three character).
  • Employed hierarchical regression analysis to examine the predictive power of personality dimensions on depression (Self-rating Depression Scale, SDS) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI) scores, controlling for each other.

Main Results:

  • Depression (SDS) scores were significantly predicted by Harm-Avoidance, Self-Directedness, and Self-Transcendence, even when accounting for anxiety levels.
  • Anxiety (STAI) scores were significantly predicted by Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness, even when accounting for depression levels.
  • Self-Directedness emerged as a significant predictor for both depression and anxiety, indicating its crucial role in emotional well-being.

Conclusions:

  • Specific character dimensions, particularly Self-Directedness, play a significant role in the manifestation of both depression and anxiety.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering characterological factors in the assessment and treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.
  • Further research into the therapeutic modulation of these character dimensions may offer novel avenues for intervention in depression and anxiety.