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Related Experiment Videos

Single-nephron function and renal oxygen consumption during rapid volume expansion

S W Weinstein, J Szyjewicz

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |October 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Isotonic volume expansion decreases proximal tubule filtrate reabsorption by reducing oxygen-dependent active transport. Distal nephron sodium reabsorption increases, likely via non-oxygen-dependent mechanisms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Renal Physiology
    • Cellular Metabolism

    Background:

    • Isotonic volume expansion alters renal handling of filtrate and sodium.
    • The precise role of oxidative metabolism in these adaptive renal responses remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of acute isotonic volume expansion on renal oxidative metabolism.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms of altered filtrate and sodium reabsorption in proximal and distal nephron segments.

    Main Methods:

    • Experiments were conducted on hydropenic rats subjected to rapid isotonic volume expansion.
    • Simultaneous measurements included whole-kidney sodium reabsorption, oxygen consumption, and single-nephron function.

    Main Results:

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  • Volume expansion led to increased net renal sodium reabsorption.
  • A concurrent decrease in kidney oxygen consumption and proximal tubule filtrate reabsorption was observed.
  • Increased filtrate delivery to the loop of Henle resulted in enhanced distal nephron sodium reabsorption.

    • Conclusions:

    • Acute volume expansion reduces oxygen-dependent active solute transport in the proximal tubule.
    • Distal nephron sodium reabsorption increases during volume expansion through mechanisms independent of oxygen consumption, possibly involving anaerobic glycolysis or passive transport.