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[Drug-induced osteomalacia]

E D'Erasmo1, A Ragno, N Raejntroph

  • 1Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Policlinico Umberto I, Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Recenti Progressi in Medicina
|December 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Certain drugs can cause osteomalacia, a metabolic bone disease impairing bone mineralization. This review explores drug-induced mechanisms affecting vitamin D, phosphorus, and bone health.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Bone Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Context:

  • Osteomalacia is a bone defect impacting mineralization.
  • Several medications are implicated in its development.
  • Understanding these drug effects is crucial for patient care.

Purpose:

  • To review the pathophysiologic mechanisms of drug-induced osteomalacia.
  • To highlight drugs commonly associated with this condition.
  • To elucidate the impact on vitamin D metabolism, phosphorus homeostasis, and bone mineralization.

Summary:

  • Drug-induced osteomalacia results from impaired bone mineralization.
  • Common culprits include cholestyramine, anticonvulsants (phenytoin, phenobarbital), rifampicin, isoniazid, aluminum antacids, and heavy metals.
  • Mechanisms involve disruptions in vitamin D and phosphorus metabolism.

Impact:

  • Provides insights into iatrogenic causes of metabolic bone disease.
  • Aids clinicians in identifying and managing drug-induced osteomalacia.
  • Contributes to the understanding of drug interactions with bone metabolism.

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