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Related Experiment Videos

Exercise training increases L-type calcium current density in coronary smooth muscle

D K Bowles1, Q Hu, M H Laughlin

  • 1Vascular Biology Laboratory, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Departments of Physiology and Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.

The American Journal of Physiology
|December 9, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Endurance exercise training significantly increases voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) current density in coronary artery smooth muscle. This adaptation may explain how exercise improves coronary circulation function.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Molecular Cardiology

Background:

  • Exercise training induces significant adaptations in coronary circulation, affecting vascular tone in both conduit and resistance arteries.
  • Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) play a crucial role in regulating vascular tone.
  • The impact of exercise on VGCCs in different coronary artery sizes remains to be fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that exercise training increases VGCC current density in coronary smooth muscle.
  • To compare VGCC current in various sizes of coronary arteries from endurance-trained and sedentary animals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques to measure VGCC current in smooth muscle cells.
  • Compared coronary arteries (conduit, small, and large arterioles) from endurance-trained (Ex) and sedentary (Sed) miniature swine after 16-20 weeks of treadmill training.

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  • Characterized the Ca2+ current using dihydropyridine sensitivity, voltage dependence, and inactivation kinetics.

    • Main Results:

    • VGCC current density was inversely related to arterial diameter in both Ex and Sed groups.
    • Exercise training approximately doubled the peak inward VGCC currents across all arterial sizes compared to sedentary controls.
    • The identified Ca2+ current was L-type in all arterial sizes and groups.
    • Peak VGCC current density showed a positive correlation with treadmill endurance.

    Conclusions:

    • Endurance exercise training significantly increases L-type smooth muscle calcium channel current density within the coronary arterial bed.
    • This upregulation of VGCC density represents a potential cellular mechanism linking functional and structural adaptations of the coronary circulation to exercise training.