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Related Experiment Videos

Acquisition and storage deficits in multiple sclerosis

J DeLuca1, E A Gaudino, B J Diamond

  • 1Kessler Medical Rehabilitation Research and Education Corporation, Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Laboratory, West Orange, NJ, USA. delucajo@umdnj.edu

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
|December 9, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show verbal memory deficits due to impaired learning, not recall. Visual memory issues in MS stem from both learning and storage problems.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Memory impairments are common in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • The specific cognitive processes underlying these deficits (acquisition, storage, retrieval) require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether verbal and visual memory deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS) are caused by impaired acquisition, storage, or retrieval.
  • To differentiate the memory processing deficits between verbal and visual domains in individuals with MS.

Main Methods:

  • A selective reminding procedure was used to assess learning (acquisition) of verbal (word list) and visual (checkerboard pattern) material.
  • Participants with MS (n=40) and healthy controls (n=20) rehearsed until criterion was met.
  • Recall and recognition were tested after 30-min, 90-min, and 1-week (verbal only) delays.

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Main Results:

  • The MS group required significantly more trials to learn both verbal and visual material, indicating acquisition deficits.
  • When acquisition was matched, verbal recall and recognition were similar between groups.
  • The MS group showed significantly poorer performance on visual recall and recognition, even after equating for acquisition.

Conclusions:

  • Verbal memory impairment in multiple sclerosis is primarily attributed to deficient acquisition (learning).
  • Visual memory impairment in multiple sclerosis is linked to deficits in both acquisition and storage.
  • These findings highlight domain-specific memory processing alterations in MS.