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Related Experiment Videos

Quantifying rat pulmonary intravascular mononuclear phagocytes

G D Niehaus1, S R Mehendale

  • 1Department of Physiology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown 60612, USA. gdn@riker.neoucom.edu

The Anatomical Record
|December 9, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary intravascular mononuclear phagocytes (PIMP) are key to clearing foreign particles from rat lungs. A novel elution technique successfully isolated and characterized these cells, revealing a heterogeneous population with potential for increased particulate clearance.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) is crucial for host defense, clearing circulating particulates.
  • Pulmonary intravascular phagocytes (PIMP) play a role in sequestering foreign materials within the lung microvasculature.
  • Previous studies lacked detailed characterization of these specific pulmonary phagocytic cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify, quantify, and functionally characterize systemic host-defense cells in the rat pulmonary microvasculature.
  • To develop a method for harvesting pulmonary intravascular mononuclear phagocytes (PIMP).
  • To investigate the phagocytic capacity and heterogeneity of PIMP.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were infused with particulate matter (Monastral Blue B or polystyrene beads).

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  • Electron and light microscopy were used for morphologic and quantitative analysis of phagocytes.
  • A sequential perfusion technique involving chelation and collagenase was employed to elute PIMP.

    • Main Results:

    • Both mononuclear phagocytes and neutrophils were found to sequester particulates in the pulmonary microvasculature.
    • Approximately 0.50 active mononuclear phagocytes and 0.14 active neutrophils were present per alveolar microvasculature.
    • The chelation/collagenase elution successfully harvested PIMP, with mononuclear phagocytes constituting the majority of the eluted cells (1.60 x 10^7).
    • The PIMP population exhibited functional heterogeneity, with 14.6% highly phagocytic, 33.9% moderately phagocytic, and 51.5% inactive cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Mononuclear phagocytes are the primary cells responsible for clearing blood-borne particulates in the rat pulmonary circulation.
    • A significant pool of inactive PIMP exists, suggesting a recruitable mechanism for enhanced particulate clearance.
    • The presence of activatable PIMP may explain increased particulate localization in the lungs of septic patients.