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Lingual thyroid: report of three cases

P Arancibia1, J Veliz, M Barria

  • 1Department of Medicine, Hospital del Salvador, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago.

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|December 16, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Lingual thyroid, a rare condition more common in women, may stem from maternal autoantibodies. Treatment involves levothyroxine for hypothyroidism and shrinkage, with surgery or radioiodine for severe symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lingual thyroid is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by thyroid tissue located at the base of the tongue.
  • Its exact pathogenesis remains unclear, with theories suggesting a link to maternal blocking autoantibodies against the thyroid.
  • The condition is notably more prevalent in females.

Observation:

  • This report details three clinical cases of lingual thyroid.
  • The cases highlight the diagnostic challenges and varied clinical presentations associated with this rare disorder.
  • Observations focus on the frequent co-occurrence of hypothyroidism.

Findings:

  • Levothyroxine therapy is crucial for managing hypothyroidism and inducing gland shrinkage.
  • Surgical or radioiodine ablative therapy is indicated for symptomatic cases involving obstruction or bleeding.

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  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are key to preventing complications.

    • Implications:

    • Understanding the pathogenesis may lead to targeted preventative strategies.
    • Effective management, including hormone replacement and timely intervention, improves patient outcomes.
    • Further research into genetic and immunological factors could elucidate the etiology of lingual thyroid.