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[Expanded program of vaccination. Results and prospects]
Annales De Medecine Interne
|December 16, 1998
Summary
The Expanded Program on Immunization achieved global vaccination goals, leading to polio eradication efforts and reduced measles incidence. Challenges like vaccine cost and logistics remain, requiring continued global health investment.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Vaccinology
- Public Health Policy
Background:
- The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), established by WHO and UNICEF in 1974, initially targeted 80% global childhood immunization.
- Key initial targets included measles, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, and tuberculosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the achievements of the EPI since its inception.
- To highlight progress in disease eradication and control post-1990.
- To identify persistent financial and operational challenges in immunization programs.
Main Methods:
- Review of global immunization program data and outcomes.
- Analysis of disease incidence reduction and eradication efforts.
- Identification of logistical and financial barriers to vaccine delivery.
Main Results:
- The EPI successfully met its initial 1990 objectives.
- The Americas eradicated poliomyelitis in 1991; measles incidence has significantly decreased globally.
- Polio eradication campaigns are active worldwide, with implemented surveillance systems.
Conclusions:
- Significant progress has been made in global immunization, particularly in polio eradication and measles control.
- Persistent financial and operational constraints, including vaccine cost, heat sensitivity, and waste management, require ongoing attention.
- Sustained efforts are crucial to overcome remaining challenges and ensure equitable vaccine access.