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Sweet's syndrome associated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
1Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, 13-1, Takara-machy, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan.
European Journal of Dermatology : EJD
|December 17, 1998
Summary
Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment can trigger Sweet's syndrome (SS), a neutrophilic skin condition. Discontinuing G-CSF resolved SS in both reported cases, suggesting a link between G-CSF and SS development.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Hematology
Background:
- Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used to stimulate neutrophil production, often in cancer patients.
- Sweet's syndrome (SS) is an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by fever, neutrophilia, and characteristic skin lesions.
Observation:
- Two patients developed Sweet's syndrome during G-CSF treatment for underlying malignancies.
- Case 1: A 21-year-old male with intracranial germ cell tumor developed painful subcutaneous nodules and fever.
- Case 2: A 50-year-old female with small cell lung cancer developed pruritic erythema and fever.
Findings:
- Skin biopsies confirmed neutrophilic panniculitis and Sweet's syndrome.
- Discontinuation of G-CSF led to complete resolution of skin lesions in both patients.
- One patient received subsequent G-CSF treatments without SS recurrence, indicating a potential transient or specific induction mechanism.
Implications:
- G-CSF treatment may induce or exacerbate Sweet's syndrome in susceptible individuals.
- Understanding this association is crucial for managing cancer patients receiving G-CSF.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanism linking G-CSF and SS pathogenesis.