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Personality traits and personality disorders

I J Deary1, A Peter, E Austin

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK.

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|December 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study found four broad personality disorder factors overlapping with normal traits, suggesting quantitative, not qualitative, differences between clinical and non-clinical samples. Personality disorder dimensions show substantial overlap with normal personality traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Personality disorders are complex and their structure remains a subject of research.
  • Understanding the relationship between personality disorders and normal personality traits is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Existing models, such as the DSM's three-cluster model, have shown limitations in capturing the full spectrum of personality traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the structure of personality disorder traits in a large undergraduate sample.
  • To investigate the relationship between personality disorder traits and normal personality traits.
  • To evaluate the support for the DSM's three-cluster model of personality traits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-II) personality disorder questionnaire on 400 undergraduates.

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  • Employed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R) to assess normal personality traits.
  • Conducted exploratory principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to identify underlying factors.

    • Main Results:

    • The DSM's three-cluster model received equivocal support.
    • Identified four broad factors of personality disorder: asthenic (neuroticism), antisocial (psychoticism), asocial (introversion-extraversion), and anankastic (obsessive-compulsive).
    • These four factors demonstrated significant overlap with normal personality traits.

    Conclusions:

    • There is increasing consensus on the number and nature of broad personality disorder dimensions.
    • Findings suggest that individuals with personality disorders differ quantitatively, not qualitatively, from non-clinical populations.
    • A substantial overlap exists between dimensions of normal and abnormal personality.