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Related Experiment Videos

Selected pyrethroid insecticides stimulate glutamate uptake in brain synaptic vesicles

A Vaccari1, S Ruiu, I Mocci

  • 1Bernard B. Brodie Department of Neuroscience, Cagliari, Italy.

Neuroreport
|December 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Pyrethroid insecticides like resmethrin and permethrin enhance glutamate uptake into synaptic vesicles, primarily via the transmembrane potential gradient. This suggests a self-attenuating effect in severe intoxication.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used neurotoxic agents.
  • Glutamate is a key excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
  • Vesicular glutamate transport is crucial for synaptic function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of pyrethroid insecticides on glutamate transport in rat cortical synaptic vesicles.
  • To elucidate the specific mechanisms by which pyrethroids influence vesicular glutamate uptake.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of rat cortical synaptic vesicles with resmethrin and permethrin.
  • Measurement of [3H]glutamate uptake (ATP-dependent and -independent).
  • Assessment of vesicular chloride (36Cl-) influx and [14C]methylamine uptake to evaluate transmembrane potential (deltapsi(sv)) and proton gradient (deltapH).

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Main Results:

  • Resmethrin and permethrin significantly stimulated both ATP-dependent and -independent [3H]glutamate uptake.
  • Valinomycin counteracted the pyrethroid-induced glutamate uptake, indicating involvement of deltapsi(sv).
  • Pyrethroids impaired 36Cl- influx but not [14C]methylamine uptake, suggesting a primary role for deltapsi(sv) over deltapH in glutamate transport modulation.

Conclusions:

  • Pyrethroid insecticides modulate vesicular glutamate transport, primarily through effects on the transmembrane potential gradient (deltapsi(sv)).
  • This action may lead to a self-attenuating effect on excitatory neurotransmission during severe pyrethroid intoxication.