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Related Experiment Videos

[Dicrocoeliasis in New World camelids]

C Wenker1, J M Hatt, H Hertzberg

  • 1Abteilung für Zoo- und Heimtiere, Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät, Universität Zürich.

Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere
|December 19, 1998
PubMed
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Lancet fluke (Dicrocoelium dendriticum) infections in llamas and alpacas often present with non-specific clinical signs. Diagnosis requires repeated fecal egg counts, with treatment showing good efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Camelid Medicine

Background:

  • Dicrocoelium dendriticum, the lancet fluke, can cause significant disease in South American Camelids.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and disease management in livestock.

Observation:

  • Seven South American Camelids (llamas and alpacas) from Switzerland and Germany exhibited acute decline, recumbency, hypothermia, anemia, and poor nutritional status.
  • Serum biochemistry revealed normal liver enzyme activities, hindering early diagnosis.
  • Necropsy showed severe liver damage, including cirrhosis, abscesses, granulomas, and massive D. dendriticum infestation.

Findings:

  • Initial coprological examinations detected D. dendriticum eggs in only two of seven affected animals.
  • Repeated coprological follow-ups confirmed accurate diagnosis and revealed clinical signs correlated with egg excretion rates above 1000 eggs per gram faeces (EpG).

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  • A single oral dose of praziquantel (50 mg/kg) was well-tolerated and reduced fecal egg counts by 90%.

    • Implications:

    • Clinical signs alone are insufficient for definitive diagnosis of D. dendriticum infection.
    • Repeated coprological analysis is essential for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of lancet fluke disease in camelids.
    • Praziquantel is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for D. dendriticum infections in llamas and alpacas.