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Variability in visual cortex activation during prolonged functional magnetic resonance imaging

G T Liu1, D W Fletcher, R J Bishop

  • 1The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA.

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology : the Official Journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
|December 19, 1998
PubMed
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Cortical activation in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies varies significantly between individuals and over time. These variations in brain activity must be considered during fMRI experimental design and data analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Background:

  • Cortical activation patterns in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies are crucial for understanding brain function.
  • Variability in brain activity across successive time points (epoques) within an fMRI session is not well understood.
  • Individual differences in physiological and attentional states can influence fMRI signal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether cortical activation in the visual cortex changes over successive time intervals during an fMRI scan.
  • To determine the extent of inter-subject variability in visual cortex activation during fMRI.
  • To identify potential factors contributing to observed variations in fMRI signal.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized a 1.5-T MR scanner with a T2*-weighted spoiled gradient echo sequence for functional imaging.
  • Visual cortex stimulation was achieved using 8 Hz flashing goggles.
  • Analyzed changes in activated pixels within a region of interest over 82 sequential 15-second scans, divided into five sequences, using least squares regression.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant inter-subject variability in the initial level of visual cortex activation was observed (p < 0.001).
    • A systematic change in visual cortex activation over time was detected, rejecting the hypothesis of constant activation (p=0.02).
    • fMRI-measured visual cortex activation demonstrated variability both across subjects and over successive time intervals.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual cortex activation measured by single-plane fMRI is subject to significant inter-individual differences.
    • Cortical activation exhibits systematic changes over time within a single fMRI session.
    • Factors such as head movement, eyelid position, attention, and fatigue may contribute to observed fMRI signal variability and require careful consideration in experimental design and analysis.