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A new germanium-63/gallium-68 generator

G J Ehrhardt, M J Welch

    Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
    |August 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new germanium-gallium-68 generator offers EDTA-free Gallium-68 production, enabling diverse radiopharmaceutical synthesis for positron emission tomography. This solvent-extraction method ensures high yields and minimal Ge-68 contamination.

    Area of Science:

    • Radiochemistry
    • Nuclear Medicine
    • Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging

    Background:

    • Gallium-68 (Ga-68) radiopharmaceuticals are crucial for PET imaging.
    • Existing Ga-68 generators often produce EDTA-bound Ga-68, limiting radiopharmaceutical versatility.
    • EDTA-free Ga-68 is desirable for broader applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize a solvent-extraction generator for EDTA-free Ga-68 production.
    • To optimize Ga-68 yield and minimize Germanium-68 (Ge-68) breakthrough.
    • To demonstrate the conversion of the produced Ga-68 complex into various radiopharmaceuticals.

    Main Methods:

    • Investigated a solvent-extraction system using 8-hydroxyquinoline to chelate Ga-68.
    • Optimized extraction conditions involving pH, Ge4+ carrier, and solvent (chloroform).

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  • Evaporated the extract to dryness to obtain Ga-68 oxine.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved Ga-68 yields of 70-80% with less than 0.003% Ge-68 breakthrough.
    • Successfully converted Ga-68 oxine into Ga-68 EDTA, Ga-68 EDTMP, and Ga-68 colloid.
    • The generator system is simple, automatable, and utilizes the long half-life of Ge-68.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed solvent-extraction generator provides a reliable source of EDTA-free Ga-68.
    • This method facilitates the synthesis of a wide array of Ga-68 radiopharmaceuticals.
    • The generator system supports widespread adoption of Ga-68 PET imaging.