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Mass and velocity: control parameters for throwing patterns

D Southard1

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, USA. Southard@Gamma.is.tcu.edu

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
|December 29, 1998
PubMed
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Altering arm mass and throwing speed can change a person's throwing technique. These factors may act as control parameters, influencing throwing patterns based on the initial skill level.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Human Movement Analysis

Background:

  • Throwing is a complex motor skill.
  • Understanding the factors influencing throwing patterns is crucial for performance enhancement and injury prevention.
  • Previous research has explored various kinematic and kinetic variables in throwing, but the specific role of segmental mass and velocity as control parameters requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether changes in segmental mass and increases in throwing velocity serve as control parameters that alter throwing patterns.
  • To determine the relationship between altered arm segment masses, release velocity, and the resulting throwing pattern levels.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty participants were recruited and categorized into four distinct levels of throwing patterns.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants performed 10 throws under 8 different experimental conditions.
  • Conditions involved combinations of altered mass of the arm, forearm, and hand segments.
  • Quantitative and qualitative analyses were employed to assess throwing patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Changes in segmental mass and release velocity were found to influence the levels of throwing patterns.
    • The effect of altered mass and velocity on throwing patterns varied depending on the participant's initial throwing level.
    • Both increases and decreases in throwing pattern levels were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Segmental mass and throwing velocity appear to function as control parameters that can instigate changes in throwing patterns.
    • These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the biomechanical principles governing complex motor skills like throwing.